What is gluconeogenesis?

Gluconeogenesis refers to the biological process through which glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors. This process is particularly important during periods of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise when the body requires glucose for energy but dietary sources are insufficient. The primary substrates for gluconeogenesis include lactate, glycerol (from fats), and certain amino acids.

This process primarily occurs in the liver, and to a lesser extent, in the kidneys. It plays a crucial role in maintaining blood sugar levels within a normal range by ensuring a continuous supply of glucose, which is essential for brain function and energy production in other tissues. Understanding gluconeogenesis is vital for fitness professionals, as it highlights how the body can adapt to various nutritional states and maintain energy levels.